General Information Sources

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• BBC News: 'PM Atambayev wins Kyrgyzstan presidential election', 31 October 2011.
• Today's Zaman: 'Can the coalition government in Kyrgyzstan be maintained?', 4 January 2011.
• 24.kg: 'Lie detector reveals corrupt officials in State Tax Service of Kyrgyzstan', 3 January 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• 24.kg: 'What's your attitude towards the use of polygraph for recruitment of civil servants?', 8 September 2010.
• The Official Website of the President of Kyrgyzstan: 'Подписан Указ «О первоочередных мерах по внедрению системы тестирования на полиграфе в сфере государственной службы»', 1 September 2010.
• Rosbalt: 'В Киргизии будут проверять чиновников на «детекторе лжи»', 1 September 2010.
• Crisis Group: 'Kyrgyzstan: A Hollow Regime Collapses', Asia Briefing No 102, 27 April 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Associated Press: 'Kyrgyz interim leader tells AP US base will stay', 13 April 2010.
• The New York Times: 'Fuel Sales to U.S. at Issue in Kyrgyzstan', 11 April 2010.
• Deutsche Welle: 'Anger at corruption and rising prices fuelled violence in Kyrgyzstan', 7 April 2010.
• Reuters: 'Factbox: Unrest in Kyrgyzstan', 7 April 2010.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2010.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• US Commercial Service: Doing Business in the Kyrgyz Republic: Country Commercial Guide for US Companies 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Asian Development Bank: Asian Development Outlook: Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Eurasia Insight: 'Kyrgyzstan: Bakiyev's Reform Push Strives to Contain Corruption in Bishkek', 20 October 2009.
• Reuters: 'Kyrgyz opposition in Russia after disputed vote', 27 July 2009.
• Euranet: 'OSCE disappointed with Kyrgyzstan election', 24 July 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• The World Bank: Kyrgyz Republic at a glance 2008.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2007.
• Institute for Public Policy: Parliamentary Elections in Kyrgyzstan: 10 days later 2007.
• Institute for Public Polity: Reducing regulatory and administrative barriers to entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan: major results and outstanding issues 2007.
• Institute for Public Policy: Arbitration Tribunal: For the Effective Protection of Business from Government 2007.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.
• AmCham Kyrgyzstan: Recommendations for Improving the Kyrgyz Business Climate in 2006.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Update on Actions to Implement Recommendations 2006.
• The World Bank & IFC: Investment Climate Assessment - Kyrgyz Republic 2005.
• BBC News: Kyrgyzstan Country Profile.

Corruption Levels Sources

Judicial System

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• AmCham Kyrgyzstan: Recommendations for Improving the Kyrgyz Business Climate in 2006.
• The World Bank & IFC: Investment Climate Assessment Kyrgyz Republic 2005.
• Institute for Public Policy: How to Construct an Independent Judiciary: Various Options 2006.

Police

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• Eurasia Insight: 'Kyrgyzstan: Corrupt Traffic Cops to Blame for Road Deaths?', 8 December 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2007.
• Library of Congress, Federal Research Division: Kyrgyzstan Country Profile 2007.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• UN Office on Drugs and Crime: An Assessment of Transnational Organised Crime in Central Asia 2007.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.
• AKIPress News Agency: 'Kyrgyzstan to Reform Traffic Police (GAI). Money - American, Experience - Georgian', 2005.
• International Crisis Group: Kyrgyzstan: A Faltering State, 2005.

Licences, Infrastructure and Public Utilities

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• The New York Times: 'Fuel Sales to U.S. at Issue in Kyrgyzstan', 11 April 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Library of Congress, Federal Research Division: Kyrgyzstan Country Profile 2007.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.
• AmCham Kyrgyzstan: Recommendations for Improving the Kyrgyz Business Climate in 2006.
• EurasiaNet: Kyrgyzstan's Government Struggles to Improve Business Climate 2006.

Land Administration

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• The Heritage Foundation: Index of Economic Freedom - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Library of Congress, Federal Research Division: Kyrgyzstan Country Profile 2007.
• Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2006.
• AmCham Kyrgyzstan: Recommendations for Improving the Kyrgyz Business Climate in 2006.
• International Crisis Group: Kyrgyzstan: A Faltering State, 2005.

Tax Administration

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• 24.kg: 'Lie detector reveals corrupt officials in State Tax Service of Kyrgyzstan', 3 January 2011.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• 24.kg: 'What's your attitude towards the use of polygraph for recruitment of civil servants?', 8 September 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• Institute for Public Policy: Tax Reforms: Myths and Reality 2007.
• Centre for International Private Enterprise: Small Business and Corruption in Kyrgyzstan 2006.
• The World Bank & IFC: Investment Climate Assessment Kyrgyz Republic 2005.

Customs Administration

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• World Economic Forum: Global Enabling Trade Report 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• Institute for Public Policy: Arbitration Tribunal: For the Effective Protection of Business from Government 2006.
• EurasiaNet: Kyrgyzstan's Government Struggles to Improve Business Climate 2006.
• Tazar: "ВБ": О коррупционных порядках на кыргызской таможне, 2006 (in Russian).
• IRIN News Agency: 'Travellers suffer from border corruption', 12 April 2006.

Public Procurement and Contracting

• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2012.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• EBRD & World Bank: Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.

Environment, Natural Resources and Extractive Industry

• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• Reuters: 'Kyrgyz court strips Centerra of big Kumtor gold mine licenses', 18 June 2008.
  
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2007.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2007.
• Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2006.
• EurasiaNet: 'Kyrgyzstan's government struggles to improve business climate', 2006.
• The World Bank & IFC: Investment Climate Assessment Kyrgyz Republic 2005.
• IRIN News Agency: 'Activists welcome anti-corruption probe', 26 April 2005.

Public Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Kyrgyz Republic 2011.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• 24.kg: 'Lie detector reveals corrupt officials in State Tax Service of Kyrgyzstan', 3 January 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• 24.kg: 'What's your attitude towards the use of polygraph for recruitment of civil servants?', 8 September 2010.
• The Official Website of the President of Kyrgyzstan: 'Подписан Указ «О первоочередных мерах по внедрению системы тестирования на полиграфе в сфере государственной службы»', 1 September 2010.
• Associated Press: 'Kyrgyz interim leader tells AP US base will stay', 13 April 2010.
• The New York Times: 'Fuel Sales to U.S. at Issue in Kyrgyzstan', 11 April 2010.
• Deutsche Welle: 'Anger at corruption and rising prices fuelled violence in Kyrgyzstan', 7 April 2010.
• Reuters: 'Factbox: Unrest in Kyrgyzstan', 7 April 2010.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2009.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Eurasia Insight: 'Kyrgyzstan: Bakiyev's Reform Push Strives to Contain Corruption in Bishkek', 20 October 2009.
• Lexadin: The World Law Guide - Legislation Kyrgyz Republic 2008.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• OSCE Centre in Bishkek: 'OSCE Centre supports Kyrgyz Financial Intelligence Unit to fight money laundering and financing of terrorism', 31 July 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2007.
• UNDP Anti-corruption Practitioners Network 2007.
• OECD Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Kyrgyz Republic Monitoring Report 2007.
• Government of Kyrgyzstan: Kyrgyz Republic Country Development Strategy 2007-2010.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.

Private Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2011.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyz Republic 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom of the Press Index 2010.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2010.
• Reporters Without Borders: Kyrgyzstan Country Report 2010.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom of the Press - Kyrgyzstan 2009.
• Reporters Without Borders: Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2009.
• Eurasia Insight: 'Kyrgyzstan: Bakiyev's Reform Push Strives to Contain Corruption in Bishkek', 20 October 2009.
• Reporters Without Borders: Annual Report 2008.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Freedom House: Nations in Transit - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Freedom House: Freedom of the Press - Kyrgyzstan 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2008.
• Global Integrity: Kyrgyz Republic Country Report 2006.
• Centre for International Private Enterprise (CIPE): Small Business and Corruption in Kyrgyzstan 2006.