Saudi Arabia Country Profile

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Country Profile Sources

General Information Sources

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Arab News: 'Bribery tops Kingdom's crime list', 1 April 2010.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Saudi Gazette: 'Shoura wants anti-corruption committee', 17 December 2009.
Arab News: 'Want to eliminate bribery? Kill 'Understanding'!', 1 October 2009.
Martin Hvidt, Center for Mellemøststudier: Økonomisk Udvikling i Saudi Arabien, January 2009.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2008.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2008.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - Arab Political Systems:Baseline Information and Reforms - Saudi Arabia 2008.
Gulf News: 'The Minister of Health Dr. Hamad al Mane' on Wednesday revealed that a local company tried to bribe a ministerial employee', 13 August 2008.
U4 Anti-Corruption Research Centre: U4 Expert Answer - Islamic Approaches to Corruption, June 2007.
Gulf Times: 'Saudi Arabia to Crack down on Corruption', 21 March 2007.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Sufyan Alissa: Arab States: Corruption and Reform, February 2007.
MENA-OECD Investment Programme: Investment Climate and Regulation of International Investment in MENA Countries 2006.
The Guardian: The BAE Files (regularly updated).
The Center for Democracy and Human Rights in Saudi Arabia: 'Saudi Anti-Corruption Plan Misses Mark'.

Corruption Levels Sources

Judicial System

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - Arab Reform Bulletin: 'Judicial Reform and the Principle of Independence', May 2009.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2008.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2008.

Police

World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.

Licences, Infrastructure and Public Utilities

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Saudi Gazette: 'Corruption files opened in Jeddah flood disaster', 31 December 2009.
The Guardian: 'Jeddah flood deaths shame Saudi royals', 3 December 2009.
AFP: 'Saudis blast govt after deadly Jeddah flood', 28 November 2009.
Arab News: 'Want to eliminate bribery? Kill 'Understanding'!', 1 October 2009.
Arab News: 'Shoura member denies personal grudge charge', 12 July 2008.

Land Administration

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Arab News: 'Govt panel investigating notaries in real estate deals', 4 February 2010.
Arab News: 'Land sharks make a killing out of illegal properties', 17 November 2008.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2008.

Tax Administration

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
MENA-OECD Investment Programme: Business Ethics and Anti-Bribery Policies in Selected Middle East and North African Countries 2006.

Customs Administration

The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
World Economic Forum: Global Enabling Trade Report 2010.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Arab News: 'Want to eliminate bribery? Kill 'Understanding'!', 1 October 2009.
Asharq Al-Awsat: 'Saudi Authorities Arrest Over 65,000 Illegal Immigrants in Three Months', 20 July 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.

Public Procurement and Contracting

US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2008.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2008.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2008.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2007.
The Guardian: The BAE Files (regularly updated).

Environment, Natural Resources and Extractive Industry

Emirates 24/7: 'Saudi oil ministry faces corruption charges', 23 March 2011.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2011.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Royal Dutch Shell: Shell, Saudi Arabia, Arms-for-Oil, Corruption, & Radioactive Contamination, 5 December 2008.
Financial Times: 'Barter fund used to pay commissions to middlemen', 8 June 2007.
The Guardian: 'The al-Yamamah deal', 7 June 2007.
The Times: 'Al-Yamamah an echo of 1980s sleaze', 21 February 2007.
The Daily Telegraph: 'BAE lands arms deal for a new generation', 19 August 2006.
Shell News: Shell early connection with the Saudi Arabia al-Yamamah BAE arms scandal.

Public Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Asharq Al-Awsat: 'رئيس مجلس الشورى: الهيئة الوطنية لمكافحة الفساد يجب أن ترى النور.. قريبا', March 10, 2010.
Arab News: 'JCCI opens Jeddah Economic Portal', 4 October 2009.
Zawya: 'Saudi auditor seeks king's help to boost fiscal accountability', 26 April 2009.
Alharbi Ali Khalaf S.: An Overview of the Saudi Arabian Criminal Justice Procedures Against Corruption in the Public Sector, March 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.
The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Saudi Arabia 2008.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace - Arab Political Systems: Baseline Information and Reforms - Saudi Arabia 2008.
Saudi Statement to the 10th Crans Montana International Summit on Transnational Crime: The Main Efforts of Saudi Arabia on Combating Corruption, 13-14 November 2008.
U4 Anti-Corruption Research Centre: U4 Expert Answer - Islamic Approaches to Corruption, June 2007.
MENA-OECD Investment Programme: Business Ethics and Anti-Bribery Policies in Selected Middle East and North African Countries 2006.
The General Auditing Bureau: Building Trust in Government for further Participation and Transparency.
The Center for Democracy and Human Rights in Saudi Arabia: 'Saudi Anti-Corruption Plan Misses Mark'.

Private Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2011.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Freedom of the Press - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Reporters Without Borders: Saudi Arabia Country Report 2010.
Freedom House: Countries at the Crossroads - Saudi Arabia 2010.
Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Freedom House: Freedom of the Press Index 2009.
Reporters Without Borders: Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2009.
Freedom House: Freedom of the Press - Saudi Arabia 2009.
US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Saudi Arabia 2008.
The Independent: 'Blogger who dared to expose corruption is arrested', 3 January 2008.
Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2007.